MCU (Microcontroller Unit) and AFE (Analog Front-End) are two different components commonly used in electronic systems, and they serve different purposes:

MCU (Microcontroller Unit):
MCU, also known as microcontroller, is a compact integrated circuit that contains a microprocessor core along with memory, input/output peripherals, and various communication interfaces.
Its primary function is to control and manage the operations of an embedded system or electronic device. It can execute a specific program or firmware to interact with external components and perform tasks according to the application requirements.
MCUs are widely used in various applications, including consumer electronics, industrial automation, automotive systems, and more.

AFE (Analog Front-End):
AFE, or Analog Front-End, is a circuit that interfaces between the analog world and the digital world of a system.
It is responsible for processing and conditioning analog signals from sensors, transducers, or other analog sources before they are converted into digital data.
The AFE typically includes components such as amplifiers, filters, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), digital-to-analog converters (DACs), and other analog signal conditioning circuitry.
The main purpose of an AFE is to ensure that the analog signals are accurately and efficiently converted into digital data that can be processed by the MCU or other digital components of the system.
In summary, the MCU is the central processing unit responsible for overall control and management of an electronic system, while the AFE is a dedicated analog circuit that interfaces with sensors or other analog sources and prepares the signals for digital processing by the MCU or other digital components. Together, they work in harmony to enable various electronic applications and functionalities.